Iranica Journal of Energy & Environment

Arsenic and physico-chemical calamity in the ground water samples of Ballia district, Uttar Pradesh, India (Research Note)

N. K. Shukla; V. K. Shukla (India)

Volume 6, Issue 4 , October 2015

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Preparation and Characterization of Fuel Pellets from Corn Cob and Wheat Dust with Binder

S. A. El-Sayed; M. Khairy

Volume 8, Issue 1 , January 2017, , Pages 71-87

https://doi.org/10.5829/idosi.ijee.2017.08.01.13

Abstract

  This study concentrates on pelletization of powdered corn cob  and wheat dust with 40% Epoxy binder. Two cylindrical pellets of different sizes and a new hexagonal one were investigated in this work. By densification process, the bulk density increased 8-10 times, having its maximum value fora hexagonal ...  Read More This study concentrates on pelletization of powdered corn cob  and wheat dust with 40% Epoxy binder. Two cylindrical pellets of different sizes and a new hexagonal one were investigated in this work. By densification process, the bulk density increased 8-10 times, having its maximum value fora hexagonal shape (new shape). It was found that the compressive resistance, the water resistance and the impact resistance of the pellets were in general higher for pellets produced at higher pressure.  It was found that due to the binder and  pelletization, the fuel quality was enhanced compared to the raw biomass as: the moisture content decreased, both fixed carbon and carbon contents increased, ash content reduced, oxygen content decreased and higher heating value (H.H.V) increased. Scanning Electron Microscopy was used to identify the binding mechanism of biomass dust particles in pellets. Pelletization process had improved combustion characteristics compared to raw biomass as: high combustion temperature ranges  [T_onset becomes lower and T_offset becomes higher], maximum weight loss rates decreased and reduced residues which leads to a higher combustion efficiency. The analysis of ash yields of combustion process was investigated.  It was found that the fouling index (FI) and slagging index (SI) tendency of wheat dust pellets are higher than that of corn cob pellets.

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Survey of the Physico-chemical and Parasitological Quality of the Wastewaters Used in Irrigation (Souk Ahras, North-East of Algeria)

N. Mamine; F. Khaldi; N. Grara

Volume 11, Issue 1 , March 2020, , Pages 78-88

https://doi.org/10.5829/ijee.2020.11.01.13

Abstract

  The reuse of wastewaters of urban communes of Khmissa (Site 1), Hannancha (Site 2) and Souk Ahras (Site 3) rejected in the Medjerda wadi of Souk Ahras region (North-East Algeria) for agricultural purposes in the far North-East of Algeria is accompanied by health and environmental risks, the evaluation ...  Read More The reuse of wastewaters of urban communes of Khmissa (Site 1), Hannancha (Site 2) and Souk Ahras (Site 3) rejected in the Medjerda wadi of Souk Ahras region (North-East Algeria) for agricultural purposes in the far North-East of Algeria is accompanied by health and environmental risks, the evaluation of which requires physico-chemical and parasitological characterization. Biweekly samples were taken from March to August 2019 at the three studied sites wastewaters discharges. The results revealed that the waters studied are characterized by high salt contents, negative redox potential and high levels of turbidity (97.28 ± 18.12 to 111.57 ± 13.11 NTU ), suspended matter (TSS) (351.6 ± 15.52 to 397.33 ± 20.6 mg.L־1), ammonium (8.51 ± 1.94 to 11.19 ± 3.18 mg.L־1) and orthophosphates (3.69 ± 1.40 to 5.29 ± 1.78 mg.L־1), high values in BOD5 (120.62 ± 43.17 to 170.25 ± 32.34 mg.L־1of O2), and COD (286.73 ± 39.65 to358.9 ± 32.81 mg.L־1of O2) as well as the presence of some metallic trace elements such as cobalt (Co) and cadmium (Cd). Parasitological analysis shows high contamination of these irrigation waters by helminthes eggs, which exceed widely the standards of use of waste water in agriculture. The application of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) allowed to conclude that the waters of Medjerda wadi receive urban wastewater from surrounding areas and should not be reused directly in agriculture before being subjected to a processing, in order to improve their quality by meeting the required standards.

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Environment

Effect on Autogenous Healing in Concrete by Fly Ash and Rice Husk Ash

V. Kanthe; S. Deo; M. Murmu

Volume 10, Issue 2 , June 2019, , Pages 154-158

https://doi.org/10.5829/ijee.2019.10.02.13

Abstract

  In this research paper, the effect on autogenous healing in concrete by cementitious material such as fly ash (FA) and rice husk ash (RHA) are reported. The utilization of waste byproduct are the interest in research for healing of concrete. The non-destructive testing and microstructure analysis were ...  Read More In this research paper, the effect on autogenous healing in concrete by cementitious material such as fly ash (FA) and rice husk ash (RHA) are reported. The utilization of waste byproduct are the interest in research for healing of concrete. The non-destructive testing and microstructure analysis were conducted to quantify autogenous healing in concrete. The concrete specimens prepared with different proportion of FA and RHA. The satisfactory results of non- destructive test were obtained with respect to the durability of concrete. In the chemical and microstructure analysis the calcium carbonate crystals formed on healed cracks surface and dense particle packing in the matrix of concrete were observed. This type of ternary blend is useful for making durable and sustainable concrete structure. The utilization of industrial and agricultural byproduct reduces the effect of environmental pollution and also reduces the consumption of cement with the same reduction in CO2 emition from cement industry.

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Comparisons of Water Quality near Cage Culture Sites in Batang Ai Reservoir, Sarawak, Malaysia

T. Y. Ling; L. Nyanti; M. K. Nurul-Safinaz; S. F. Sim; J. Grinang

Volume 7, Issue 2 , April 2016, , Pages 169-176

https://doi.org/10.5829/idosi.ijee.2016.07.02.13

Abstract

  New development and expansion of cage culture at Batang Ai Reservoir would require investigation of the water quality. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the water quality at three existing aquaculture sites, one abandoned site, and one station without cage culture at three different ...  Read More New development and expansion of cage culture at Batang Ai Reservoir would require investigation of the water quality. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the water quality at three existing aquaculture sites, one abandoned site, and one station without cage culture at three different depths. This study was carried out in October 2013 during the rainy season. Water quality was measured in-situ and water samples were collected and analyzed according to standard methods. Results showed that dissolved oxygen concentrations at the surface is sufficient for healthy aquatic organisms. However, dissolved oxygen at 10 m is not suitable for healthy aquatic organisms. All aquaculture sites showed significantly higher conductivity and ammonia-nitrogen at 20 m depth than the station without aquaculture. The aquaculture site that has been abandoned for nine months still showed higher 20 m chlorophyll-a and surface phosphate. Elevated surface, biochemical oxygen demand, phosphate and nitrate were observed at the largest and oldest aquaculture site. Based on the Chl-a concentration, the stations are classified as mesotrophic. This study showed that cage culture activities at Batang Ai Reservoir has impacted the water quality. Hence, further monitoring of water quality in the reservoir needs to be carried out.

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Adsorption of CO2 on Zeolite 13X Prepared from Modified Natural Iranian Kaolin

V. Garshasbi; M. Jahangiri; M. Anbia

Volume 7, Issue 3 , July 2016, , Pages 304-307

https://doi.org/10.5829/idosi.ijee.2016.07.03.13

Abstract

  Synthesis of zeolite 13X from modified natural Iranian kaolin at 65˚C for 72 h at various concentration of NaOH solution was investigated. Metakaolinization process was done at 900˚C for 2 h. NaOH solution with different concentrations, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5 and 4 M were separately mixed with ...  Read More Synthesis of zeolite 13X from modified natural Iranian kaolin at 65˚C for 72 h at various concentration of NaOH solution was investigated. Metakaolinization process was done at 900˚C for 2 h. NaOH solution with different concentrations, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5 and 4 M were separately mixed with metakaolins. A mixture of zeolite 13X, A, quartz and hydroxysodalite (HS) was obtained. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The prepared zeolite 13X has been used to study the adsorption of carbon dioxide, and the results are compared with commercial zeolite 13X.

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Acute Toxicity of Piscicidal Plant Extracts (Adenia cissampeloides) on Tilapia (Sarotherodon galilaeus) Juveniles

E.K. Ajani; S.O. Ayoola

Volume 1, Issue 3 , July 2010

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Enhanced Degradation of Melanoidin and Caramel in Biomethanated Distillery Spentwash by Microorganisms Isolated from Mangroves

Nagaraj Naik; K.S. Jagadeesh; M.N. Noolvi

Volume 1, Issue 4 , October 2010

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Applying the Taguchi Method for Optimized Fabrication of a-Lactalbumin Nanoparticles as Carrier in Drug Delivery and Food Science

Rabeah Mehravar; Mohsen Jahanshahi; Ghasem D. Najafpour; Naser Saghatoleslami

Volume 2, Issue 1 , January 2011

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Microbiological Quality of Drinking Water in Shadegan Township, Iran

Mohammad Hadi Dehghani; Gholam Reza Jahed Khaniki; Hossein Mohammadi; Simin Nasseri; Amir Hossein Mahvi; Masoud Younessian; Sajad Mazlomi

Volume 2, Issue 3 , July 2011

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Turbulent Flow Measurement in Vortex Settling Basin

Jafar Chapokpour; Javad Farhoudi; Ebrahim Amiri Tokaldani

Volume 2, Issue 4 , October 2011

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Comparison of Pb2+ Removal Efficiency by Zero Valent Iron Nanoparticles and Ni/Fe Bimetallic Nanoparticles

Ali Saberi

Volume 3, Issue 2 , April 2012

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Effects of Dopant Concentrations on Thin Films with Coherent Formulation at Visible Wavelengths

M. Omidpanah; S.A.A. Oloomi

Volume 3, Issue 3 , July 2012

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Development and Evaluation of a Solar Thermal Collector Designed for Drying Grain

M. Hanif Khalil; M. Ramzan; M. Ur Rahman; M. Aamir Khan

Volume 3, Issue 4 , October 2012

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Sustainable Approach for Landfill Management at Final Processing Site Cikundul in Sukabumi City, Indonesia

Sri Darwati

Volume 3, Issue 5 , November 2012

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Seepage Analysis of Rock-Fill Dam Subjected to Water Level Fluctuation: A case study on Gotvand-Olya Dam

Ali Beheshti; Amirabbas Kamanbedast; Hossein Akbari

Volume 4, Issue 2 , April 2013

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Probabilistic and Deterministic Seismic Hazard Assessment: A Case Study in Babol

H.R. Tavakoli; M. Talebzadeh Amiri; G. Abdollahzade; A. Janalizade

Volume 4, Issue 3 , July 2013

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Statistical Analysis of Heavy Metal Contamination in Urban Dusts of Arak, Iran

Feridon Ghadimi; Mohammad Ghomi; Mohsen Ranjbar; Abdolmotaleb Hajati

Volume 4, Issue 4 , October 2013

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Physical Properties of Silver Doped ZnSe Thin Films for Photovoltaic Applications

Nazar Abbas Shah; Mussart Abbas; Waqar Adil Syed; Waqar Mahmood

Volume 5, Issue 1 , January 2014

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Application of Partial-Mixed Semi-Continuous Anaerobic Reactor for Treating Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Under Mesophilic Condition

Chou Kian Weng; Norli Ismail; Anees Ahmad

Volume 5, Issue 2 , April 2014

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Assessment of Abandoned Mine Impacts on Concentrations and Distribution of Heavy Metals in Surface Sediments of Catchments Around Sungai Lembing Abandoned Tin Mine

A.K. Ahmad; A. Al-Mahaqeri

Volume 5, Issue 4 , October 2014

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Cattle urine increases lipid content in Chlorella pyrenoidosa: A low cost medium for bioenergy application

Nikunj Sharma; Monika Prakash Rai (India)

Volume 6, Issue 4 , October 2015

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Catalytic Pyrolysis of Tire Wastes for Liquid Fuel

M. S. Hossain; A. N. M. M. Rahman

Volume 8, Issue 1 , January 2017, , Pages 88-94

https://doi.org/10.5829/idosi.ijee.2017.08.01.14

Abstract

  Severity of energy crisis is so acute in our society whereas environmental degradation is another challenging issue. Combining these two, environmental pollution can be eradicated permanently which is the burning issue for many countries of the world. Nowadays recycling of tire waste can be a dependable ...  Read More Severity of energy crisis is so acute in our society whereas environmental degradation is another challenging issue. Combining these two, environmental pollution can be eradicated permanently which is the burning issue for many countries of the world. Nowadays recycling of tire waste can be a dependable solution for minimizing energy crisis and environmental pollution as well as energy crisis. Similar to bio resources these wastes tire have the features of manufacturing energy by altered thermochemical conversion process. In the previous time waste tire pyrolysis was conducted without catalyst whereas the present pyrolysis with catalyst. The objectives were investigating the effect on oil extraction and the composition of derivative oil from tire waste in presence of catalyst. The effect of pyrolysis heating rate, temperature, operating time, catalyst/tire ratio (CT ratio) and sample size etc. on yield were also investigated.  The pyrolysis process was carried out in temperature range of 300 to 600ºC. The most favorable pyrolytic oil attained was 42.0% (wt) for without catalyst as well as 36.67% (wt) for catalytic pyrolysis at 450ºC. Characterization of physical properties of the resulting pyrolytic oil showed that increase in pyrolysis temperature and CT ratio resulted in higher yield of gas at the expense of oil. When CT ratio is increased from 0.13 to 0.30, the gas yield is increased from 13.33 to 15.33% (wt) and oil yield decreased from 36.67 to 28.0% (wt) at temperature of 450oC. High CT ratio favored an increase in the concentration of light naphtha in the pyrolytic oil. A yield of 97% (wt) is obtained from of the pyrolytic oil at 450oC with CT ratio 0.3 by fractional distillation below 350oC. It could be concluded that after proper treatment these oil can be used as substitute of alternative fuel or chemical feedstock to naphtha.

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Environment

Secure Environment via Prediction of Software Vulnerabilities-Severity

E. S. Aghaee Meybodi; M. Ghasemzadeh

Volume 10, Issue 2 , June 2019, , Pages 159-164

https://doi.org/10.5829/ijee.2019.10.02.14

Abstract

  Prediction of software vulnerabilities-severity is of particular importance. Its most important application is that managers can first deal with the most dangerous vulnerabilities when they have limited resources. This research shows how we can use the former patterns of software vulnerabilities-severity ...  Read More Prediction of software vulnerabilities-severity is of particular importance. Its most important application is that managers can first deal with the most dangerous vulnerabilities when they have limited resources. This research shows how we can use the former patterns of software vulnerabilities-severity along with machine learning methods to predict the vulnerabilities severity of that software in the future. In this regard, we used the SVM, Decision Trees (DT), Random Forests (RF), K Nearest Neighbors (KNN), bagging and AdaBoost algorithms along with the already reported vulnerabilities of Google Android applications, Apple Safari and the Flash Player. The experimental results showed that the Bagging algorithm can predict Google Android vulnerability with accuracy of 78.21% and f1-measure equal to 77%, the vulnerability of the Flash Player software with accuracy of 82.37% and f1-measure equal to 87.73% and predict the vulnerability severity of the Apple Safari with accuracy of  70.58% and f1-measure equal to 70%. The novelty of this research is introduction of a new method for prediction of software vulnerabilities severity.

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Stable Isotopes Approach to Infer the Feeding Habit and Trophic Position of Freshwater Fishes in Tropical Lakes

S. K. Yap; I. Muneera; M. I. Syakir; H. H. Zarul; F. Widad

Volume 7, Issue 2 , April 2016, , Pages 177-183

https://doi.org/10.5829/idosi.ijee.2016.07.02.14

Abstract

  A study was conducted on the stable isotope variation of muscle tissues from selected freshwater fish species from Temenggor Lake and Chenderoh Lake, Perak, Malaysia from December 2014 to March 2015. The objective is to assess the stable isotopes of δ13C to identify the carbon sources and ...  Read More A study was conducted on the stable isotope variation of muscle tissues from selected freshwater fish species from Temenggor Lake and Chenderoh Lake, Perak, Malaysia from December 2014 to March 2015. The objective is to assess the stable isotopes of δ13C to identify the carbon sources and δ15N of fish species from Temenggor and Chenderoh Lake, Perak, Malaysia to infer the trophic position of these fishes. Four types of fish species were analyzed by using stable isotope approach which were Hampala barb (Hampala macrolepidota), Oxygaster cyprinus (Oxygaster anomalura), Peacock Bass (Cichla ocellaris) and Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Stable isotopes of δ13C and δ15N were analysed using an elemental analyser Thermo Finnigan Flash EA 2000 connected to Finningan delta v avantage plus isotope ratio mass spectrometry by a ConFlo II interface. The δ13C values from both lakes implies a C3 phytoplankton as reported from the literature. Based on δ15N values of   fish species, O. anomalura occupies the highest trophic level in Temenggor Lake, reflecting its carnivorous feeding habit despite its small size while C. ocellaris was the highest in Chenderoh Lake, implying its predatory behaviour. Further analysis should be carried out to incorporate primary producers and consumers to elucidate the food web in the tropical lake ecosystem. This study provides  a  reference    record  for  conducting  stable  isotopes  in  the  food  web  of  tropical  lake ecosystem for better management and deeper understanding of the ecosystem functioning.

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