Iranica Journal of Energy & Environment

Evaluation of Photovoltaic System Performance: A Case Study in East Azerbaijan, Iran

M. M. Mirzaei Darian; A. M. Ghorreshi; M. J. Hajatzadeh

Volume 11, Issue 1 , March 2020, , Pages 75-78

https://doi.org/10.5829/ijee.2020.11.01.12

Abstract

  Solar energy is a feasible and efficient way to reduce environmental pollution which, in turn, can decrease the production of greenhouse gases. Iran with over 300 sunny days has a high potential for producing energy, including electricity through photovoltaic (PV) systems. Regarding this fact that Iran ...  Read More Solar energy is a feasible and efficient way to reduce environmental pollution which, in turn, can decrease the production of greenhouse gases. Iran with over 300 sunny days has a high potential for producing energy, including electricity through photovoltaic (PV) systems. Regarding this fact that Iran has the enormous resources of fossil fuels such as oil and gas, the government tends to expand its energy production by renewable systems, including photovoltaics. This paper is to evaluate the efficiency of photovoltaic system in one of the major provinces of Iran. In this study, a 4.8 kW photovoltaic power station in East Azerbaijan province was investigated. First, a simulation-analysis is carried out. Then the verification of the study is done using extracted experimental data. According to the results, the photovoltaic power plant generates 8334 kWh annually. Finally, the station is economically investigated. This economic analysis is carried out in accordance with the existing tariffs and policies in Iran.

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Natural resources

Vulnerability of Vegetable Crops to the Impact of Climatic variability and the Management Techniques in the Guinea Savanna Region of Nigeria

A. M. Tunde

Volume 10, Issue 2 , June 2019, , Pages 147-153

https://doi.org/10.5829/ijee.2019.10.02.12

Abstract

  Climatic parameters are part of the main determinants of agricultural production in many developing countries including Nigeria. This study analyzes the vulnerability of vegetable crops to the impact of rainfall and temperature variability and the management techniques in Kwara State agro-ecological ...  Read More Climatic parameters are part of the main determinants of agricultural production in many developing countries including Nigeria. This study analyzes the vulnerability of vegetable crops to the impact of rainfall and temperature variability and the management techniques in Kwara State agro-ecological region of Nigeria. Data on rainfall, temperature and vegetables (tomato, pepper, okra, amaranthus and garden egg) were collected for a period of twenty-five (25) years from the four agricultural zones of Kwara State. These were subjected to descriptive, correlation and regression analyses. The result revealed that climatic variables examined fluctuate but there has been constant increase in temperature over the years and year 2001 recorded the highest (40.06oC). Vegetable crop yield also fluctuates. Correlation analysis revealed that tomato correlates positively with rainfall, maximum and minimum temperature. Okra and pepper correlate positively with rainfall and maximum temperature and inverse correlation with minimum temperature. Amaranthus has an inverse correlation with rainfall and maximum temperature but correlates positively with minimum temperature although very low. Garden egg correlates with rainfall and inversely correlates with maximum and minimum temperature. Hence, vegetable crops examined are vulnerable to the impact of climatic variables but not too strong as there are other factors such as the nature of soil, specie of seedlings, chemicals among others that contributed to vegetable crop yield. Management techniques suggested to improve the productivity of vegetable crops in Kwara State include the use of modern agricultural techniques such as development of irrigation and water harvesting technologies.

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Palm Oil Mill Effluent Tertiary Treatment by Physicochemical Treatment Using Ferrous Sulphate

A. Jaril Asis; M. A. Mohd Arifin; R. Ngteni; S. Tahiruddin; M. Omar Abdul Kadir

Volume 7, Issue 2 , April 2016, , Pages 163-168

https://doi.org/10.5829/idosi.ijee.2016.07.02.12

Abstract

  The palm oil milling industry in Malaysia will be imposed with more stringent treated waste water discharge requirement from currently at BOD of 100 ppm to BOD of 50 ppm and gradually to BOD of 20 ppm. Study was conducted to use Ferrous Sulphate as more economical coagulant to reduce the biological load ...  Read More The palm oil milling industry in Malaysia will be imposed with more stringent treated waste water discharge requirement from currently at BOD of 100 ppm to BOD of 50 ppm and gradually to BOD of 20 ppm. Study was conducted to use Ferrous Sulphate as more economical coagulant to reduce the biological load for tertiary treatment in palm oil mill effluent treatment at laboratory and pilot scale facility to comply with the proposed new requirement.   The feed water that was aerobically treated POME with BOD of below 100 ppm was treated with various dosage of ferrous sulphate, from 250 to 2250 ppm. It was found that at laboratory jar-test, the required ferrous sulphate dosage to meet BOD-50 ppm requirement was at 750 ppm while BOD-20 ppm requirement was achieved when the ferrous sulphate dosage was at 1,750 ppm and did not produce hazardous activated sludge. The laboratory findings was scaled-up to pilot scale facility with the capacity of 7 ton/hour to evaluate  the  physicochemical  tertiary  treatment  based  on  continuous  system.  Ferrous  sulphate dosage at 1,000 ppm and 1,750 ppm were able to comfortably comply with the discharge limit of BOD-50 ppm and BOD-20 ppm, respectively.

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Abilities of Three Microorganisms for Cleaning Cadmium Contaminated Soils

N. I. Ihimekpen; E. Atikpo; N. Kayode-Ojo; A. Michael

Volume 11, Issue 2 , June 2020, , Pages 170-177

https://doi.org/10.5829/ijee.2020.11.02.12

Abstract

  The abilities of three indigenous bacteria for bioremediation of cadmium contaminated soils collected from Agbabu Farm Settlement close to mining sites in Ondo state, Nigeria was studied to provide helpful information for soils remediation and soils health management in this sub-region for Millennium ...  Read More The abilities of three indigenous bacteria for bioremediation of cadmium contaminated soils collected from Agbabu Farm Settlement close to mining sites in Ondo state, Nigeria was studied to provide helpful information for soils remediation and soils health management in this sub-region for Millennium Development Goals accomplishment. Bacillus subtilis, Proteus mirabilis, and Escherichia coli isolated from the soils were inoculated into different soil samples conditioned with optimized factors determined from the first phase experiments. The conditioned samples were experimented for residual cadmium concentration with time in days using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The soil cadmium attenuation from the initial concentration of 70.21 mg/kg to below the maximum allowable of 3 mg/kg was hard for the organisms. Bacillus subtilis performed correction at time 35 days with an efficiency of 96.10 % and residual concentration of 2.74 mg/kg. Proteus mirabilis and Escherichia coli with respective, high efficiencies of 85.05% and 79.35% failed. The removal rate capacities were -0.131d-1 for B. subtilis; -0.111d-1 for P. mirabilis; -0.105d-1 for E. coli. Four kinetic models fitted described the experimental data well. The models assessment revealed the removals to be transport controlled as diffusion process was the rate-controlling step.

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Bulk Liquid Membrane Process for The Transport and Kinetics Study of Malachite Green From Textile Wastewater

M. Sathya; G. Muthuraman; S. Elumalai

Volume 7, Issue 3 , July 2016, , Pages 294-303

https://doi.org/10.5829/idosi.ijee.2016.07.03.12

Abstract

  A bulk liquid membrane (BLM) system contained Di (2-ethyl hexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) as an extractant was used for transport of malachite green (MG) dye from textile wastewater. D2EHPA present in n-hexane is an effective, efficient and highly selective carrier for the transport of MG dye through ...  Read More A bulk liquid membrane (BLM) system contained Di (2-ethyl hexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) as an extractant was used for transport of malachite green (MG) dye from textile wastewater. D2EHPA present in n-hexane is an effective, efficient and highly selective carrier for the transport of MG dye through BLM. Maximum transport 88% was observed at 0.24M concentration of D2EHPA in the membrane phase and 7 moles concentration of acetic acid in the receiving phase after 300 min. The effect of parameters influencing the transport of MG dye such as pH and concentration of dye in the donor solution, extractant concentration in the membrane phase, nature of the organic solvent, the composition of receiving phase, stirring speed and kinetics parameter were elucidated. First order irreversible reaction kinetics k1 and k2 were applied for the transport of MG dye from aqueous phase BLM phase and BLM to acceptor phase.  The accumulation of MG in  BLM phase and the rate controlling step under different experimental conditions were also discussed. Finally, the proposed liquid membrane was effectively applied for MG dye transport from textile wastewater.

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Adsorption, Kinetic and Thermodynamic Study for Removal of Nickel Ions by Activated Carbon from Palm Kernel

M. Erhayem; R. Gaith; O. E. Otman; M. U. Frage

Volume 11, Issue 4 , December 2020, , Pages 339-350

https://doi.org/10.5829/ijee.2020.11.04.12

Abstract

  Palm kernel (PK) was activated by chemical activation (HNO3 at 230oC) to remove Ni(II) ions from aqueous solutions. Physicochemical properties of PK were reported. FT-IR analysis revealed changes in wave numbers and absorbance indicating Ni(II) adsorption onto activated carbon-PK surface. Energy dispersive ...  Read More Palm kernel (PK) was activated by chemical activation (HNO3 at 230oC) to remove Ni(II) ions from aqueous solutions. Physicochemical properties of PK were reported. FT-IR analysis revealed changes in wave numbers and absorbance indicating Ni(II) adsorption onto activated carbon-PK surface. Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence technique was used to determine the content of metals in activated carbon-PK and showed the metals found in activated carbon-PK were in recommended human usages. The maximum removal of Ni(II) ions was to be 49.7% at pH 4.6 and the equilibrium reached at 80 min. The removal efficiency of Ni(II) ions increased as the dosage of activated-PK increases and the optimum amount of activated carbon-PK dose was found to be 70 mg. The optimum pH was 4.6. The isotherm, kinetics and thermodynamics were studied. The Ni(II)- activated carbon-PK adsorption was found to follow the Freundlich isotherm based on correlation coefficient (R2) values and to be physical adsorption from the mean free energy found by Dubinin-Radushkevich, which confirmed by isothermal microcalorimetry data and the heat of sorption process using Temkin Isotherm model to be 1.58 kJ/mol. The adsorption kinetic data were described well by a second order, with the kinetic constant rates in the range of 1.82-83.5 g/g.min and was not controlled by intra-particle diffusion model. The thermodynamic studies showed that the Ni(II)-ACPK adsorption process is exothermic due to the negative values of ∆H (-30.9 J/mol) and is physical nature process due to the negative values of ∆S (-14.9 J/mol). The magnitude of Ea is 15.04 kJ/mol, which is proven the physical adsorption in nature.

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Kinetic and Reactor Modelling of Lipases Catalyzed (R,S)-1-phenylethanol Resolution

Chua Lee-Suan; Cheng Kian-Kai; Lee Chew-Tin; Mohamad-Roji Sarmidi; Ramlan Abdul-Aziz; Tang Boon-Seng

Volume 1, Issue 3 , July 2010

Abstract

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Cost-Benefit Analysis of Chorkor and Traditional Smoking Kilns for Fish Processing

R.O. Ajang; C.B. Ndome; R.U. Ingwe

Volume 1, Issue 4 , October 2010

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Physical Impacts of Compaction Treatments on PET Textile Vascular Prostheses

Meriem Azaiez; Ikram Zbali; Saber Ben Abdessalem

Volume 2, Issue 1 , January 2011

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Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment of Babol, Iran

Gholamreza Abdollahzadeh; Mohsen Shahaky

Volume 2, Issue 3 , July 2011

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The Environmental Effect on Spawning Time, Length at Maturity and Fecundity of Kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamensky, 1901) in Southern Part of Caspian Sea, Iran

Afraei B; M.A.M. Mashhor; S.H. Abdolmaleki; S.H. Najafpour; A. Bani; R. Pourgholam; H. Fazli; H. Nasrolahzadeh; A.A. Janbaz

Volume 2, Issue 4 , October 2011

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Solvatochromism Study on the Copper(II) Complexes Containing 3–Substituted Derivatives of Acetylacetonate Ligands

Hamid Golchoubian; Fariba Khoshsiar

Volume 3, Issue 1 , January 2012

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Causes, Effects and Way Forward to Food Insecurity

I.R. Ilaboya; E. Atikpo; F.E Omofuma; F.F. Asekhame; L. Umukoro

Volume 3, Issue 2 , April 2012

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Effect of Centrifugation on Sesame Paste Temperature

Ahmad Kouchakzadeh

Volume 3, Issue 3 , July 2012

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Analysis and Selection of Appropriate Aggregation Function for Calculating of Leachate Pollution Index of Landfill Lysimeter

Islam M. Rafizul; Muhammed Alamgir; S. M. Shahed Sharif

Volume 3, Issue 4 , October 2012

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Radical Scavenging Activity, Total Phenol Content and Antifungal Activity of Cinnamomum Iners Wood

Zurida Anis; Othman Sulaiman*; Rokiah Hashim; Sayed Hasan Mehdi; Raza Murad Ghalib

Volume 3, Issue 5 , November 2012

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Gold and Silver Nanowires Impact on the Degree of Polarization of Light

Hosein Salmani; Shamsolzaman Faramarzi

Volume 4, Issue 1 , January 2013

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Indoor Air Quality Assessment with Emphasis on Flour Dust: A Cross- Sectional Study of a Random Sample from Iranian Bakeries Workers

Seyedtaghi Mirmohammadi

Volume 4, Issue 2 , April 2013

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Studying the Effect of Initial Damage on Failure Probability of One Story Steel Buildings

F. Nateghi-A; N. Parsaeifard

Volume 4, Issue 3 , July 2013

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Formulation of Sub-Pollution Indices and Evaluation of Leachate Pollution Index of Pilot Scale Landfill Lysimeter

Islam M. Rafizul; Muhammed Alamgir

Volume 4, Issue 4 , October 2013

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Creation Typical Meteorological Year Data for Baghdad Province, Iraq

Ali M. AL-Salihi

Volume 5, Issue 1 , January 2014

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Chemical Analysis and Utilization of Sargassum sp. as Substrate for Ethanol Production

Jelynne P. Tamayo And Ernesto J. Del Rosario

Volume 5, Issue 2 , April 2014

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Kinetic Evaluation of Simultaneous CNP Removal in an up-Flow Aerobic/Anoxic Sludge Fixed Film (UAASFF) Bioreactor

A.M. Mansouri; A.A.L. Zinatizadeh; A. Akhbari

Volume 5, Issue 3 , July 2014

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Heavy Metal Removal Efficiency of Paper Mulberry Biochar and Commercially Available Silica Powder from Simulated Industrial Wastewater

Sawaira Adil; Azhar Mashiatullah; Maliha Asma; Jawaria Abid; Abdul Ghaffar

Volume 5, Issue 4 , October 2014

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Determination and Comparison of Solutions Importance and Approaches Contribute to Waste Minimization Among Manufacturing Firms in Shah Alam, Malaysia ( Research Note)

S.K. Mallak; M.B. Ishak; M. A. B Abu-Samah (Malaysia)

Volume 6, Issue 3 , July 2015

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