Iranica Journal of Energy & Environment

Current Issue

By Issue

By Author

By Subject

Author Index

Keyword Index

About Journal

Aims and Scope

Editorial Board

Editorial Staff

Best Academic Tools

Specialized Indexing Databases

Related Links

FAQ

News

Publication Ethics

Predatory and Misleading Metrics

Paper Preparation Guide

Paper Template

Journal Forms

Word Count Policy

Editors

Web of Science Profile

Reviewers

Reviewers Responsibilities

Peer Review Process

Web of Science Profile

Be as Top Peer Reviewer & Editor

A Comparative Evaluation of Rain Water Obtained from Corrugated Roofing Sheets within Awka Metropolis, Anambra State

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate comparatively the effects of different brands of corrugated roofing sheets on rainwater utilized within Awka metropolis. Different physicochemical parameters were assessed in the rain water harvested using established standard laboratory procedures. The rain water was harvested directly (control) and also collected after passing through the different brands of corrugated roofing sheets (samples). The results showed no appreciable effects on the physical appearance, observable odour, or taste of the water samples compared to the control sample. However, at 30 °C, there were minor changes in the pH. The amount of suspended solids (SS) in mg/100ml, total solids (TS), and total dissolved solids (TDS) found in each of the samples, including the control sample, did not vary. This showed that the corrugated roofing sheet has no significant effect on the SS, TS, and TDS of the rain water harvested within the study area. Iron, zinc, and chloride ions followed a similar trend as SS, with Fe and Zn occurring at non-detectable limits of the instrumentation, while the levels of Cl- ion (3mg/100ml) did not vary in all the samples, including the control sample. The results revealed that corrugated roofing sheets affect the total alkalinity and methyl orange alkalinity of the harvested rain water in the study area greatly but had no impact on their physical appearance.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References
  1. Ogunfowora, L. A., Iwuozor, K. O., Ighalo, J. O. and Igwegbe, C. A., 2021. “Trends in the Treatment of Aquaculture Effluents Using Nanotechnology”. Cleaner Materials, 2, pp.100024.
    Doi: 10.1016/j.clema.2021.100024
  2. Iwuozor, K. O., Abdullahi, T. A., Ogunfowora, L. A., Emenike, E. C., Oyekunle, I. P., Gbadamosi, F. A. and Ighalo, J. O., 2021. “Mitigation of Levofloxacin from Aqueous Media by Adsorption: A Review”. Sustainable Water Resources Management, 7(6), pp.1-18. Doi: 10.1007/s40899-021-00579-9
  3. Iwuozor, K. O., Emenike, E. C., Aniagor, C. O., Iwuchukwu, F. U., Ibitogbe, E. M., Okikiola, B. T., Omuku, P. E. and Adeniyi, A. G., 2022. “Removal of Pollutants from Aqueous Media Using Cow Dung-Based Adsorbents”. Current Research in Green and Sustainable Chemistry, In press.
  4. Iwuozor, K. O., Ighalo, J. O., Emenike, E. C., Ogunfowora, L. A. and Igwegbe, C. A., 2021. “Adsorption of Methyl Orange: A Review on Adsorbent Performance”. Current Research in Green and Sustainable Chemistry, 4, pp.16. Doi: 10.1016/j.crgsc.2021.100179
  5. Khazai, E., 2001. “Simplification of Parameters in a Complex Catchment Model: A Daily Rainfal Data Generation Process”. International Journal of Engineering, 14(4), pp.313-322. ISSN:1025-2495
  6. Kebria, I. and Hogland, W., 2019. “Sustainable Storm Water Management by Predicting Climate Change Using Fuzzy Neural Network and Gis”. Iranian (Iranica) Journal of Energy & Environment, 10(1), pp.65-71. Doi: 10.5829/IJEE.2019.10.01.10
  7. Iwuozor, K. O., 2019. “Prospects and Challenges of Using Coagulation-Flocculation Method in the Treatment of Effluents”. Advanced Journal of Chemistry-Section A, 2(2), pp.105-127.
    Doi: 10.29088/SAMI/AJCA.2019.2.105127
  8. Emenike, E. C., Iwuozor, K. O. and Anidiobi, S. U., 2021. “Heavy Metal Pollution in Aquaculture: Sources, Impacts and Mitigation Techniques”. Biological Trace Element Research, Doi: 10.1007/s12011-021-03037-x
  9. Alao, I. I., Oyekunle, I. P., Iwuozor, K. O. and Emenike, E. C., 2022. “Green Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles and Investigation of Its Anti-Microbial Properties ”. Advanced Journal of Chemistry-Section B, 4(1), 39-52.
    Doi: 10.22034/ajcb.2022.323779.1106
  10. Iwuozor, K. O., Ighalo, J. O., Ogunfowora, L. A., Adeniyi, A. G. and Igwegbe, C. A., 2021. “An Empirical Literature Analysis of Adsorbent Performance for Methylene Blue Uptake from Aqueous Media”. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 9(4), pp.105658. Doi: 10.1016/j.jece.2021.105658
  11. Igwegbe, C. A., Obiora-Okafo, I. A., Iwuozor, K. O., Ghosh, S., Kurniawan, S. B., Rangabhashiyam, S., Kanaoujiya, R. and Ighalo, J. O., 2022. “Treatment Technologies for Bakers’ Yeast Production Wastewater”. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29, pp.11004-11026. Doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-17992-4
  12. Iwuozor, K. O., Oyekunle, I. P., Oladunjoye, I. O., Ibitogbe, E. M. and Olorunfemi, T. S., 2021. “A Review on the Mitigation of Heavy Metals from Aqueous Solution Using Sugarcane Bagasse”. SugarTech, 23, pp.19. Doi: 10.1007/s12355-021-01051-w
  13. Iwuozor, K. O., 2018. “Removal of Heavy Metals from Their Solution Using Polystyrene Adsorbent (Foil Take-Away Disposable Plates)”. International Journal of Environmental Chemistry, 2(2). Doi: 10. 10.11648/j/ijec.20180202.11
  14. Aghalari, Z., Dahms, H.-U., Sillanpää, M., Sosa-Hernandez, J. E. and Parra-Saldívar, R., 2020. “Effectiveness of Wastewater Treatment Systems in Removing Microbial Agents: A Systematic Review”. Globalization and health, 16(13), pp.1-11.
    Doi: 10.1186/s12992-020-0546-y
  15. Zhul-quarnain, A., Iwuozor, K. O., Modupe, I., Gold, E. and Chidubem, E. E., 2018. “Adsorption of Malachite Green Dye Using Orange Peel”. Journal of Biomaterials, 2(2), pp.10.
    Doi: 10.11648/j.jb.20180202.12
  16. Alavijeh, H., Sadeghi, M., Rajaeieh, M., Moheb, A. and Sadani, M., 2017. “Integrated Ultrafiltration Membranes and Chemical Coagulation for Treatment of Baker’s Yeast Wastewater”. Journal of Membrane Science & Technology, 7(173), pp.2.
    Doi: 10.4172/2155-9589.1000173
  17. Aziz, A. R. A., Asaithambi, P. and Daud, W. M. A. B. W., 2016. “Combination of Electrocoagulation with Advanced Oxidation Processes for the Treatment of Distillery Industrial Effluent”. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 99, pp.227-235. Doi: 10.1016/j.psep.2015.11.010
  18. Boretti, A. and Rosa, L., 2019. “Reassessing the Projections of the World Water Development Report”. NPJ Clean Water, 2(1), pp.1-6. Doi: 10.1038/s41545-019-0039-9
  19. Ogunlalu, O., Oyekunle, I. P., Iwuozor, K. O., Aderibigbe, A. D. and Emenike, E. C., 2021. “Trends in the Mitigation of Heavy Metal Ions from Aqueous Solutions Using Unmodified and Chemically-Modified Agricultural Waste Adsorbents”. Current Research in Green and Sustainable Chemistry, 4, pp.18.
    Doi: 10.1016/j.crgsc.2021.100188
  20. Efe, S., 2006. “Quality of Rainwater Harvesting for Rural Communities of Delta State, Nigeria”. Environmentalist, 26(3), pp.175-181. Doi: 10.1007/s10669-006-7829-6
  21. Group, T. W. B., Population Growth (Annual %) - Nigeria. 2021, The World Bank Group. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.GROW?locations=NG&view=chart
  22. Sadoff, C. W., Borgomeo, E. and Uhlenbrook, S., 2020. “Rethinking Water for Sdg 6”. Nature Sustainability, 3(5), pp.346-347. Doi: 10.1038/s41893-020-0530-9
  23. Ortigara, A. R. C., Kay, M. and Uhlenbrook, S., 2018. “A Review of the Sdg 6 Synthesis Report 2018 from an Education, Training, and Research Perspective”. Water, 10(10), pp.1353.
    Doi: 10.3390/w10101353
  24. Terêncio, D., Fernandes, L. S., Cortes, R., Moura, J. and Pacheco, F., 2018. “Rainwater Harvesting in Catchments for Agro-Forestry Uses: A Study Focused on the Balance between Sustainability Values and Storage Capacity”. Science of the Total Environment, 613-614, pp.1079-1092. Doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.198
  25. Huang, Z., Nya, E. L., Rahman, M. A., Mwamila, T. B., Cao, V., Gwenzi, W. and Noubactep, C., 2021. “Integrated Water Resource Management: Rethinking the Contribution of Rainwater Harvesting”. Sustainability, 13(15), pp.8338.
    Doi: 10.3390/su13158338
  26. Alim, M. A., Rahman, A., Tao, Z., Samali, B., Khan, M. M. and Shirin, S., 2020. “Suitability of Roof Harvested Rainwater for Potential Potable Water Production: A Scoping Review”. Journal of Cleaner Production, 248, pp.119226.
    Doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119226
  27. Eludoyin, A., Eludoyin, O., Martins, T., Oyinloye, M. and Eslamian, S., 2021. “Water Security Using Rainwater Harvesting”. Handbook of Water Harvesting and Conservation: Basic Concepts and Fundamentals, pp.57-67.
    Doi: 10.1002/9781119478911.ch4
  28. Verlicchi, P. and Grillini, V., 2020. “Surface Water and Groundwater Quality in South Africa and Mozambique—Analysis of the Most Critical Pollutants for Drinking Purposes and Challenges in Water Treatment Selection”. Water, 12(1), pp.305. Doi: 10.3390/w12010305
  29. Musa, J. J., Anijiofor, S., Saidu, M. and Bake, G. G., 2017. “Effects of Roofing Materials on Harvested Rain Water Quality in Minna, Nigeria”. Asia Pacific Environmental and Occupational Health Journal, 3(1), ISSN: 2462-2214. http://repository.futminna.edu.ng:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/2563
  30. Tenebe, I., Emenike, P., Nnaji, C., Babatunde, E., Ogarekpe, N., Dede-Bamfo, N. and Omole, D., 2020. “Bacterial Characterization and Quantification of Rainwater Harvested in a Rural Community in Nigeria”. Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring & Management, 14, pp.100370. Doi: 10.1016/j.enmm.2020.100370
  31. Tobin, E., Ediagbonya, T., Ehidiamen, G. and Asogun, D., 2013. “Assessment of Rain Water Harvesting Systems in a Rural Community of Edo State, Nigeria”. Journal of Public Health, 5(12), pp.479-487. Doi: 10.5897/JPHE2013.0582
  32. Nnaji, C. and Nnam, J., 2019. “Assessment of Potability of Stored Rainwater and Impact of Environmental Conditions on Its Quality”. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 16(12), pp.8471-8484. Doi: 10.1007/s13762-019-02456-7
  33. Dinrifo, R., Babatunde, S., Bankole, Y. and Demu, Q., 2010. “Physico-Chemical Properties of Rainwater Collected from Some Industrial Areas of Lagos State, Nigeria”. European Journal of Scientific Research, 41(3), pp.383-390. ISSN: 1450-216X
  34. Igbinosa, I. H. and Aighewi, I. T., 2017. “Quality Assessment and Public Health Status of Harvested Rainwater in a Peri-Urban Community in Edo State of Nigeria”. Environmental monitoring and assessment, 189(8), pp.1-12.
    Doi: 10.1007/s10661-017-6122-0
  35. Igbinosa, I. H. and Aighewi, I. T., 2017. “Assessment of the Physicochemical and Heavy Metal Qualities of Rooftop Harvested Rainwater in a Rural Community”. Global Challenges, 1(6), pp.1700011. Doi: 10.1002/gch2.201700011
  36. Igbinosa, I. H. and Osemwengie, O. V., 2016. “On-Site Assessment of Environmental and Sanitary Qualities of Rainwater Harvesting System (Rwh) in a Rural Community in Benin City, Nigeria”. Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management, 20(2), pp.320-324. Doi: 10.4314/jasem.v20i2.12
  37. Olaoye, R. and Olaniyan, O., 2012. “Quality of Rainwater from Different Roof Material”. International Journal of Engineering and Technology, 2(8), pp.1413-1421. ISSN: 2049-3444
  38. Adeyeye, J., Akintan, O. and Adedokun, T., 2019. “Physicochemical Characteristics of Harvested Rainwater under Different Rooftops in Ikole Local Government Area, Ekiti State, Nigeria”. Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management, 23(11), pp.2003-2008.
    Doi: 10.4314/jasem.v23i11.15
  39. Omokpariola, D. O., Nduka, J. K., Omokpariola, P. L. and Omokpariola, E. C. O., 2020. “Ionic Composition of Rainwater from Different Sampling Surfaces across Selected Locations in Rivers State, Nigeria”. World Scientific News, 150, pp.132-147. EISSN: 2392-2192
  40. Ibikunle, S., Ajayi, O., Arogunjo, A. and Omoboyeje, O., 2016. “Measurement of Natural Radioactivity in Rainwater Samples Collected from Different Rooftops and Sources in Akure, Nigeria”. Environmental Forensics, 17(2), pp.136-143.
    Doi: 10.1080/15275922.2016.1163622
  41. Ezemonye, M., Isueken, C. and Emeribe, C., 2016. “Physicochemical and Bacteriological Characteristics of Rainwater Harvested from Rooftops in Esan-West Local Government Area of Edo State, Nigeria”. Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management, 20(3), pp.748-757. Doi: 10.4314/jasem.v20i3.29
  42. Nduka, J. K. and Orisakwe, O. E., 2010. “Assessment of Environmental Distribution of Lead in Some Municipalities of South-Eastern Nigeria”. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 7(6), pp.2501-2513.
    Doi: 10.3390/ijerph7062501
  43. Ezenwaji, E. E., Phil-Eze, P. O., Otti, V. I. and Eduputa, B. M., 2013. “Household Water Demand in the Peri-Urban Communities of Awka, Capital of Anambra State, Nigeria”. Journal of Geography and Regional Planning, 6(6), pp.7.
    Doi: 10.5897/JGRP2013.0385
  44. Ezenwaji, E., Uwadiegwu, B. and Anyaeze, E., 2017. “Sustaining Rainwater Harvesting for Household Water Supply in Awka Urban Area, Nigeria”. American Journal of Water Resources, 5(3), pp.85-91. Doi: 10.12691/ajwr-5-3-4
  45. Iwuozor, K. O. and Gold, E. E., 2018. “Physico-Chemical Parameters of Industrial Effluents from a Brewery Industry in Imo State, Nigeria”. Advanced Journal of Chemistry-Section A, 1(2), pp.66-78. Doi: 10.29088/SAMI/AJCA.2018.1.6678
  46. Emenike, E. C., Adeniyi, A. G., Omuku, P. E., Okwu, K. C. and Iwuozor, K. O., 2022. “Recent Advances in Nano-Adsorbents for the Sequestration of Copper from Water”. Journal of Water Process Engineering, In press.
Iranica Journal of Energy & Environment
Volume 13, Issue 2
March 2022
Pages 134-140
Files
Share
How to cite
Statistics