TY - JOUR ID - 119992 TI - Adsorption, Kinetic and Thermodynamic Study for Removal of Nickel Ions by Activated Carbon from Palm Kernel JO - Iranica Journal of Energy & Environment JA - IJEE LA - en SN - 2079-2115 AU - Erhayem, M. AU - Gaith, R. AU - Otman, O. E. AU - Frage, M. U. AD - Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Sebha University, Sebha, Libya AD - Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sirte University, Libya Y1 - 2020 PY - 2020 VL - 11 IS - 4 SP - 339 EP - 350 KW - Adsorption Isotherms KW - Adsorption Kinetic KW - nickel KW - Palm kernel KW - Thermodynamic DO - 10.5829/ijee.2020.11.04.12 N2 - Palm kernel (PK) was activated by chemical activation (HNO3 at 230oC) to remove Ni(II) ions from aqueous solutions. Physicochemical properties of PK were reported. FT-IR analysis revealed changes in wave numbers and absorbance indicating Ni(II) adsorption onto activated carbon-PK surface. Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence technique was used to determine the content of metals in activated carbon-PK and showed the metals found in activated carbon-PK were in recommended human usages. The maximum removal of Ni(II) ions was to be 49.7% at pH 4.6 and the equilibrium reached at 80 min. The removal efficiency of Ni(II) ions increased as the dosage of activated-PK increases and the optimum amount of activated carbon-PK dose was found to be 70 mg. The optimum pH was 4.6. The isotherm, kinetics and thermodynamics were studied. The Ni(II)- activated carbon-PK adsorption was found to follow the Freundlich isotherm based on correlation coefficient (R2) values and to be physical adsorption from the mean free energy found by Dubinin-Radushkevich, which confirmed by isothermal microcalorimetry data and the heat of sorption process using Temkin Isotherm model to be 1.58 kJ/mol. The adsorption kinetic data were described well by a second order, with the kinetic constant rates in the range of 1.82-83.5 g/g.min and was not controlled by intra-particle diffusion model. The thermodynamic studies showed that the Ni(II)-ACPK adsorption process is exothermic due to the negative values of ∆H (-30.9 J/mol) and is physical nature process due to the negative values of ∆S (-14.9 J/mol). The magnitude of Ea is 15.04 kJ/mol, which is proven the physical adsorption in nature. UR - https://www.ijee.net/article_119992.html L1 - https://www.ijee.net/article_119992_25b300ec9f3bdc6bd0095287b37c01af.pdf ER -