Environment
O. O. Obiukwu; M. N. Nwigwe; T. O. Uchechukwu; J. Azubuike; D. A. Ekpechi
Abstract
Various fiber-matrix combinations were used to create biodegradable composites using sugar cane bagasse (SCB) fiber and a polyester resin (PES) matrix. SEM, FTIR, mechanical testing, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and the method of soil burial were employed to assess the effects of the fiber content ...
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Various fiber-matrix combinations were used to create biodegradable composites using sugar cane bagasse (SCB) fiber and a polyester resin (PES) matrix. SEM, FTIR, mechanical testing, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and the method of soil burial were employed to assess the effects of the fiber content (9-54 wt%), PLA (1-5.5 wt%), starch (1-5.5 wt%), and fiber treatment on the morphology of the surface, flexural, thermal, tensile as well as biodegradable qualities of polyester/sugar cane bagasse fiber biocomposites. The outcomes demonstrated that the optimal tensile strength of biocomposites, impact, and Flexural capabilities were attained by the 37 wt% treated sugar cane bagasse fibers. Tensile, flexural, and impact strength measurements for the 9, 18, 27, 37, 45, and 54 wt% biocomposites, respectively, ranged from 10.21 to 18.00, 21.33 to 28.12, and 12.21 to 15.67 Mpa. The results show that sugarcane bagasse-polyester composites demonstrated acceptable mechanical and multifunctional properties. This portrays the effectiveness of Sugarcane bagasse as reinforcement for Polyester matrix and its potential for eco-friendly fabrication of components.
H. Tagimalek; M. R. Maraki; M. Mahmoodi; P. Mohammad Zadeh
Abstract
Forging is one of the oldest and the most important processes of metal forming. The process occurs due to the waxy deformation of metal. In the forging process, the die walls control the material flow and the mechanical properties of the workpiece are significantly improved. Today's world industries, ...
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Forging is one of the oldest and the most important processes of metal forming. The process occurs due to the waxy deformation of metal. In the forging process, the die walls control the material flow and the mechanical properties of the workpiece are significantly improved. Today's world industries, financing costs play a leading role in production. These categories have entered the industry to create a variety of simulation and numerical modeling methods to eliminate this problem. Simulation and experimental test, mechanical properties in the hot forging process in high-cost materials are of great interest to researchers. In this paper, the mechanical properties of hot forging in Ti6Al4V alloy are investigated. According to the obtained results, it can be found that a very close agreement has been made on experiments reported in literature and the simulation. Depending on the results, the strain rate Z-axis showed the shear bands appeared exactly on the 45-degree plates and in the sample center. In fact, the intersection of the band's sample center is the max strain applied to the die. This area has been created with an effective strain and stress at all depths of the workpiece and gradually expands.
S. Om Prakash; T. Mathavaraj Ravikumar; M. Arulraj
Abstract
Natural fibers such as banana, sisal, snake grass, coir, hemp, jute and so on are armed with enormous advantages like less weight, reliability, recyclability and environmental friendly nature. Such fibers may enhance the system’s performance by acting as additives with the thermoplastics in different ...
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Natural fibers such as banana, sisal, snake grass, coir, hemp, jute and so on are armed with enormous advantages like less weight, reliability, recyclability and environmental friendly nature. Such fibers may enhance the system’s performance by acting as additives with the thermoplastics in different perspectives. Besides the natural composites, hybrid composites facilitate the design of material with specific property matched to an application. In the present work an attempt has been made to manufacture and test the banana and snake grass short fiber reinforced hybrid polyester composites in random orientation and random lay-up. Methyl Ethyl Ketone Peroxide was used as the coupling agent and Cobalt Naphthalene as the catalyst. Hand layup technique was used to manufacture the composites. Relative volume fraction of the fibers was varied between 2.5-12.5% in the ratio 1:1. Properties like tensile strength and modulus, flexural strength and modulus are measured for the composites by conducting the appropriate tests according to ASTM standards.
S. A. El-Sayed; M. Khairy
Abstract
This study concentrates on pelletization of powdered corn cob and wheat dust with 40% Epoxy binder. Two cylindrical pellets of different sizes and a new hexagonal one were investigated in this work. By densification process, the bulk density increased 8-10 times, having its maximum value fora hexagonal ...
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This study concentrates on pelletization of powdered corn cob and wheat dust with 40% Epoxy binder. Two cylindrical pellets of different sizes and a new hexagonal one were investigated in this work. By densification process, the bulk density increased 8-10 times, having its maximum value fora hexagonal shape (new shape). It was found that the compressive resistance, the water resistance and the impact resistance of the pellets were in general higher for pellets produced at higher pressure. It was found that due to the binder and pelletization, the fuel quality was enhanced compared to the raw biomass as: the moisture content decreased, both fixed carbon and carbon contents increased, ash content reduced, oxygen content decreased and higher heating value (H.H.V) increased. Scanning Electron Microscopy was used to identify the binding mechanism of biomass dust particles in pellets. Pelletization process had improved combustion characteristics compared to raw biomass as: high combustion temperature ranges [T_onset becomes lower and T_offset becomes higher], maximum weight loss rates decreased and reduced residues which leads to a higher combustion efficiency. The analysis of ash yields of combustion process was investigated. It was found that the fouling index (FI) and slagging index (SI) tendency of wheat dust pellets are higher than that of corn cob pellets.