S. Saghafi; N. Mehrdadi; G. Nabi Bid Hendy
Abstract
Currently, the efficiency improvement of industrial wastewater treatment plant (IWWTP) has turned into a noticeable challenge for plants operator. In addition, decreasing the cost and energy consumption of wastewater treatment plants has attracted great interest by water agencies and IWWTP operators. ...
Read More
Currently, the efficiency improvement of industrial wastewater treatment plant (IWWTP) has turned into a noticeable challenge for plants operator. In addition, decreasing the cost and energy consumption of wastewater treatment plants has attracted great interest by water agencies and IWWTP operators. Since IWWTPs are energy-intensive facilities, the need for cost-efficient and reliable treatment processes has significantly increased so as to meet the standards of environmental regulations and national goals. Determination of energy efficiency of IWWTPs is a starting point for any energy-saving initiative. In this paper, a case study has been carried out in 79 WWTPs in Iran's industrial zones to identify electrical energy efficiency indices (EEI). In order to achieve a reliable result, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was applied by Lingo11 software. The electrical energy efficiency index was estimated by regression equations for plants with different level of treatment (ready to discharge to the river, irrigation of green spaces, and agriculture) using Minitab17 software. The obtained results enable IWWTP operators to identify the cost items to improve the productivity at plants.
S. Khodami; M. Surif; W. M. Wan Omar
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the ability of Ulva reticulata (Chlorophyta) to remove Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, M n, M g, Pb, V, and Zn from industrial wastewater. A 24 h experiment was performed under laboratory and in situ conditions, which were set up in two places: (1) the industrial area ...
Read More
This study was conducted to investigate the ability of Ulva reticulata (Chlorophyta) to remove Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, M n, M g, Pb, V, and Zn from industrial wastewater. A 24 h experiment was performed under laboratory and in situ conditions, which were set up in two places: (1) the industrial area in Bayan Lepas and (2) the coastal area close to Jerejak Island. The initial amounts of metals in U. reticulata were ranked as follows: M g > Fe > Zn > M n > Ni > Cu > Cr > Co > Cd = Pb > V. However, after exposure to the experimental conditions for 24 h, the sequence amounts of the metals in the tissue changed. Fe showed the highest uptake in situ with a maximum uptake of 869.0 ± 84.1 µg g−1 dw. M g demonstrated the maximum uptake in the laboratory, which was 487.8 ± 130 µg g−1 dw. Cd presented the lowest uptake under both in situ and laboratory conditions, which was 0.04 ± 0.027 µg g−1 dw. The uptake capability of U. reticulata depended on the metal concentration in water and under experimental conditions. Overall, this study revealed that U. reticulata can improve the quality of water discharged from industrial areas.
