P. Chaithra; K. Hemashree; J. Ishwara Bhat
Abstract
Activated carbon (AC) was synthesized from raw cocoa pod (RCP) by three activation methods; physical (CPC), chemical (Z CPC, zinc chloride) and microwave activation (MW-CPC). The synthesized AC was characterized using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), ...
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Activated carbon (AC) was synthesized from raw cocoa pod (RCP) by three activation methods; physical (CPC), chemical (Z CPC, zinc chloride) and microwave activation (MW-CPC). The synthesized AC was characterized using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic technique (FT-IR), thermal analysis and differential thermal analysis (TGA-DTA), atomic absorption spectroscopic technique (AAS) and flame photometer instrument. The characterization data reveals that microwave activated carbon having good adsorbent character than physical and chemical activated carbon. Adsorption of malachite green on CPC, Z CPC and MW-CPC were studied at various experimental condition. Freundlich adsorption isotherm model holds good for the adsorption process. The mechanism of adsorption followed the second order kinetics. Thermodynamics of adsorption were studied. The amount of dye adsorbed onto activated carbons varies in the order MW-CPC (29.3632mg/g) > CPC (29.3537mg/g) > Z CPC (27.9905mg/g).
M. Sathya; G. Muthuraman; S. Elumalai
Abstract
A bulk liquid membrane (BLM) system contained Di (2-ethyl hexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) as an extractant was used for transport of malachite green (MG) dye from textile wastewater. D2EHPA present in n-hexane is an effective, efficient and highly selective carrier for the transport of MG dye through ...
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A bulk liquid membrane (BLM) system contained Di (2-ethyl hexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) as an extractant was used for transport of malachite green (MG) dye from textile wastewater. D2EHPA present in n-hexane is an effective, efficient and highly selective carrier for the transport of MG dye through BLM. Maximum transport 88% was observed at 0.24M concentration of D2EHPA in the membrane phase and 7 moles concentration of acetic acid in the receiving phase after 300 min. The effect of parameters influencing the transport of MG dye such as pH and concentration of dye in the donor solution, extractant concentration in the membrane phase, nature of the organic solvent, the composition of receiving phase, stirring speed and kinetics parameter were elucidated. First order irreversible reaction kinetics k1 and k2 were applied for the transport of MG dye from aqueous phase BLM phase and BLM to acceptor phase. The accumulation of MG in BLM phase and the rate controlling step under different experimental conditions were also discussed. Finally, the proposed liquid membrane was effectively applied for MG dye transport from textile wastewater.