Energy
I. U. Siloko; E. Enoyoze
Abstract
Wind is a significant weather variable and its study has gained convincing attention recently due to its increasing importance as a source of renewable energy as well as its role in various natural phenomena like erosion, precipitation, and spread of wildfires. This paper investigates wind speed distribution ...
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Wind is a significant weather variable and its study has gained convincing attention recently due to its increasing importance as a source of renewable energy as well as its role in various natural phenomena like erosion, precipitation, and spread of wildfires. This paper investigates wind speed distribution in Delta State, Nigeria using a nonparametric statistical technique for ten consecutive years spanning from 2011 to 2020 across three stations. The nonparametric statistical approach is the kernel density estimation with focus on Gaussian kernel estimator. The results of the investigated period revealed that wind speed in Asaba that is located in Delta North is higher in comparison with the wind speed in Patani which is situated in Southern region of the State while the wind speed is low at Sapele in Delta Central. Therefore, installation of wind power generation system is more profiting in the Northern part because the amount of wind energy generated is determine by the wind speed. Again, the performance of agricultural or industrial activities that depend on wind speed for their proper execution is optimum in 2018 while the least performances were recorded in 2015 and 2016 respectively for the period explored.
Energy
A. H. Shiravi; M. Firoozzadeh
Abstract
Nowadays, the world is moving toward using renewable and sustainable energy sources, as much as possible. Photovoltaic (PV) technology is one of the most popular alternatives. PVs are widely used to supply electricity for pumping systems to irrigate the farmlands. It has been proved by many scholars ...
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Nowadays, the world is moving toward using renewable and sustainable energy sources, as much as possible. Photovoltaic (PV) technology is one of the most popular alternatives. PVs are widely used to supply electricity for pumping systems to irrigate the farmlands. It has been proved by many scholars that PV cell temperature is a crucial factor in cell’s efficiency. In this study, a novel arrangement of a PV/pumping system has been considered, in order to enhance the pumping performance. To make it feasible, a small part of the pumped water is directed to a box-type passage at the backside of the PV module, and then connect to the water pipe and drain to the farmland. Two various flow rates of 5 and 10 L/min were tested. The results showed two proposed cases have a bit difference in their outputs. Accordingly, the temperature of modified cases did not pass beyond 36°C while, the temperature of the conventional module reaches to 72°C. This temperature reduction leads to about 50% higher electrical efficiency. From the output power point of view, more than 45% increase was observed. Also, an environment evaluation is performed and it was found that the present improvement can reduce emission of 34.57 tons CO2, annually.
S. N. Ashrafizadeh; Z. Seifollahi
Abstract
This article was written at the same time as the corona virus peaked in the country and during home quarantine, coinciding with the 40th day of the corona virus entering the country in April 2020, coincided with the Iranian new-year holidays. The purpose of writing this brief is to express sympathy with ...
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This article was written at the same time as the corona virus peaked in the country and during home quarantine, coinciding with the 40th day of the corona virus entering the country in April 2020, coincided with the Iranian new-year holidays. The purpose of writing this brief is to express sympathy with the earth and respond to her forgotten groans. A late but at the same time insignificant activity in the hope of healing the wounded conscience of inactive scholars such as current writers who hope to take positive action to preserve and protect the earth, the human ecosystem. The emphasis and purpose of this article is to exemplify national determination and mobilization in the fight against Corona for a higher purpose such as saving the earth and human life from catastrophe. In this regard, the teaching of environmental requirements in educational levels, the development of elite discourse in the framework of the formation of non-governmental organizations, and the use of scientific, cultural, and indigenous capacities as viable solutions have been proposed.
B. Brika; A. A. Omran; N. Greesh; A. Abutartour
Abstract
Libya is currently experiencing a major challenge in water supply due to reduction in the groundwater, especially around the coastal region. This problem is likely to create challenges for drinking water supply and the agricultural sector. Environmental desalination technology and wastewater treatments ...
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Libya is currently experiencing a major challenge in water supply due to reduction in the groundwater, especially around the coastal region. This problem is likely to create challenges for drinking water supply and the agricultural sector. Environmental desalination technology and wastewater treatments could provide a solution to the problem. In Libya, there are approximately 21 operating desalination plants, with a total capacity of 525,680 m3/d. The Tajoura desalination plant is one of the oldest reverse osmosis (RO) desalination plants established on the west coast of Liby. It has been under operation for three decades with no significant attention to these systems. Membranes used in Tajoura plant were not regularly checked or replaced on time. This paper reviews the history of membranes used in Tajoura plant since its installation, specifically storage methods and the number of damaged membranes. Finally, alternative options for reuse of used membranes are proposed. It was found that a couple of reuse options are possible for some membrane elements. Converting the fiberglass of the outer casing into small pieces or powder for other production is highly recommend, while polypropylene spacers provide good opportunities for domestic and agricultural applications.
