Energy
S. Abdoli Naser; F. Haghparast; M. Singery; H. Sattari Sarbangholi
Abstract
Most of today's buildings, due to improper imitation of the architecture of buildings in other countries, are forced to use more energy to create conditions of thermal comfort. Building windows affect energy efficiency. So, the aim of this research is to be concerned with Tabriz climate; in selecting ...
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Most of today's buildings, due to improper imitation of the architecture of buildings in other countries, are forced to use more energy to create conditions of thermal comfort. Building windows affect energy efficiency. So, the aim of this research is to be concerned with Tabriz climate; in selecting the proportion and suitable glazing of the windows, in order to access the best design and execute a model to decrease energy consumption. The research approach is to utilize simulation and Design Builder software as a research tool. So, the annual gas consumed in the Building was received from the National Iranian Gas Company and a case study is modeled and after converting the unit from kWh to kg and kg to m3 and reliability of simulation results. Then, through parametric optimization, eight scenarios in designing windows and through the genetic algorithm, the glazing coating were evaluated. The simulations were performed again and the results index was examined. Eventually, based on the analysis of outputs, according to fixed area, it is more suitable to replace windows with the height of 1.5 to 1.74 meters instead of windows with the height of 1 or 1.2 meters. A window should be replaced with 2, 3, 4 or 5 windows with the same fixed area. I is desired to superseded triple-glazed glazing with low-emissivity filled with argon gas with clear double-glazed glazing filled with air to reduce energy consumption. The amount of heat losses for the window height of 1 to 1.5m, from one window to five windows and for the clear double-glazed glazing filled with air were 2.04%, 11.11%,. and 45.36%, respectively.
S. Abdoli Naser; F. Haghparast; M. Singery; H. Sattari Sarbangholi
Abstract
Windows in the building are the biggest elements of heat loss through convective heat transfer. The purpose of study is to select appropriate dimensions for windows relative to shell and appropriate glazing for windows, in order to achieve optimal pattern to reduce energy consumption. The research method ...
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Windows in the building are the biggest elements of heat loss through convective heat transfer. The purpose of study is to select appropriate dimensions for windows relative to shell and appropriate glazing for windows, in order to achieve optimal pattern to reduce energy consumption. The research method is based on the simulation and research tool is DesignBuilder software. Therefore, amount of natural gas consumed annually in the studied building was received from the National Iranian Gas Company and then the basic research was modeled by software and after converting unit from kWh to m3 and validating simulation results. In the next step, the range of 20% to 80% of window-to-wall-ratio, types of glazing and window height is considered and through parametric optimization, all conditions in the windows are simulated and analyzed for sensitivity index. The calculations confirm that in an intermediate residential building with a rotation of 12 degrees to the southeast in Tabriz, by reducing window-to-wall-ratio from 50% to 20% and replacing triples-glazed-glazing with a low-emission coating filled with argon gas with a transparent single-glazed glazing and UPVC frame and a canopy with a depth of 48cm and windows height of 1.5m, the heat losses were reduced by 60.34% and 75.24%, respectively.
S. Abdoly Naser; F. Haghparast; M. Singery; H. Sattari Sarbangholi
Abstract
Iranian vernacular architecture has rich experiences in terms of coordinating with its surroundings. although, high energy consumption was one of the major concerns in the past decades. According to statistics presented by Iranian Statistics Center, 40% of the country's energy consumption is relevant ...
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Iranian vernacular architecture has rich experiences in terms of coordinating with its surroundings. although, high energy consumption was one of the major concerns in the past decades. According to statistics presented by Iranian Statistics Center, 40% of the country's energy consumption is relevant to the construction industry. However, about 70% of consumption is used solely for space heating and cooling. In the meantime, windows have a significant influence on the thermal performance. Ganjei-Zade House in Tabriz is one of the monuments and includes two parts. The north side of Qajar era and the western side was added to the former building in Pahlavi era. The present article deals with the study of the evolution of windows from Qajar to Pahlavi in Ganjei-zade house and the amount of heat dissipation from windows. These evaluations has been carried out by simulating Ganjei-zade house in the DesignBuilder software. The research related to this article was conducted based on analytic and comparative method and the purpose is to provide the important criteria for windows in residential buildings in the cold climate of Tabriz considering native architecture solutions in order to reduce heat dissipation. The conducted calculations confirm that the amount of heat losses from windows from Qajar to Pahlavi era, has been reduced by 22.2% and the amount of heat dissipation per square meter of windows from Qajar period to Pahlavi was decreased by 58.33%.
S. Aghakhani; F. Haghparast; J. Gaspari
Abstract
Recent researches all across the world emphasize the threat of the increasing consumption of energy. The undeniable role of energy consumption in all stages of the life cycle of materials, including extraction, factory manufacturing, and transportation has revealed the necessity of using sustainable ...
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Recent researches all across the world emphasize the threat of the increasing consumption of energy. The undeniable role of energy consumption in all stages of the life cycle of materials, including extraction, factory manufacturing, and transportation has revealed the necessity of using sustainable methods to have lower energy consumed. The whole energy of all different steps of the life cycle is called "embodied energy" and the process of assessing this embodied energy input is called "life cycle assessment” (LCA). Despite the great importance of LCA, the quantitative test of such a hypothesis has been less of a concern for previous researchers in our country Iran, and due to the lack of organized information from industrial units, such a study has also faced the difficulties of data collection. In this regard, this paper evaluates the amount of embodied energy consumption of building materials at different stages of their life cycle. To reach this goal this research evaluates the initial energy quantitatively (including different stages). More precisely, the present study, based on life cycle assessment system, quantitatively evaluates and compares energy input in different stages of cradle to gate scope, in 3 case studies: Concrete, wood, and brick. The results finally show that per ton of concrete produced 110 (kw.h) electrical energy, 35 (ton) of gas, 170 (Mj) of human Energy, and 495 (g) of Gasoline is consumed, while these quantities for per ton of Brick are 35(kw.h), 18.2 (ton), 72 (Mj) and 250 (g) and For one ton of timber produced are 900 (Kw.h), no Gas used, 170 (Mj) and 495 (g).
S. Abdoly Naser; F. Haghparast; M. Singery; H. Sattari Sarbangholi
Abstract
According to statistics provided by the Iranian Statistics Center,40% of energy consumption is related to the housing sector. Windows as a component of exterior wall, Responsible for 20-30% of all energy infiltration. Therefore, the purpose of this study, is to optimize residential windows in cold and ...
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According to statistics provided by the Iranian Statistics Center,40% of energy consumption is related to the housing sector. Windows as a component of exterior wall, Responsible for 20-30% of all energy infiltration. Therefore, the purpose of this study, is to optimize residential windows in cold and dry climate of Tabriz in order to reduce energy consumption. The research method is based on simulation with two methods "parametric optimization" and "genetic algorithm". The research tool is Design Builder software. So, the amount of annual gas consumption in the case study was received from the National Iranian Gas Company and then the basic research model is modeled in software and after converting the unit from kWh to m3 and validating the obtained results from simulation, in the next step, the type of glazing and frame are changed and then the sensitivity is analyzed by the two mentioned methods. The results showed that by replacing windows with triple glazed-glazing with low emission coating filled with argon, krypton and xenon gas and UPVC frame with clear double glazed-glazing filled with argon gas and iron frame, annual gas consumption for heating decreased by 52.43%, 55.34% and 56.60% and the heat loss from the windows is reduced by 7.97%, 9.54% and 10.49%, respectively.