Environment
I. U. Siloko; E. A. Siloko
Abstract
This paper focuses on the interdependence between rainfall and temperature and their joint effect. Rainfall and temperature are vital climatic variables for agricultural productivity and other human activities. Despite the importance of rainfall and temperature, there are difficulties associated with ...
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This paper focuses on the interdependence between rainfall and temperature and their joint effect. Rainfall and temperature are vital climatic variables for agricultural productivity and other human activities. Despite the importance of rainfall and temperature, there are difficulties associated with accurate analysis of their joint distribution due to the possibility of interrelationship between the variables. Several studies have been conducted by researchers on the interaction between climatic variables in order to ascertain their effects on the environment because temperatures are observed to be undergoing changes regularly. The analysis of rainfall and temperature for exploratory and visualization purposes is investigated because underlying structures and patterns do form the basis of decisions by government and regulatory agencies. This study employs the statistical approach in investigating the interdependence between rainfall and temperature in Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria for a period of five consecutive years from 2016 to 2020 using the Gaussian kernel estimator. The results of the investigations using some statistical indicators establish that there is irregular pattern of rainfall which is occasioned by changes in temperature. The variability of rainfall is mostly prominent in two years which are 2017 and 2019 with 29.43mm and 27.74mm as maximum amount of rainfall respectively. The results also demonstrate that the performance of years with high standard deviations are better than that of low standard deviations. Again, the performance of years with high negative correlation coefficients and high negative covariance of rainfall and temperature is better than years with weak correlations and low covariance.
Energy
F. O. Aweda; T. K. Samson
Abstract
This current study was conducted on rainfall and air temperature data obtained from the archive of the HelioClim website to determine the relationship between the two parameters. The study aimed at the relationship between rainfall and air temperature. The data of thirty-four (34) years spanning from ...
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This current study was conducted on rainfall and air temperature data obtained from the archive of the HelioClim website to determine the relationship between the two parameters. The study aimed at the relationship between rainfall and air temperature. The data of thirty-four (34) years spanning from 1985 to 2019 was analyzed using Mann-Kendal statistics on the trend of the rainfall series while the normality of rainfall series was determined using Kolmogorov- Smirnov test across six southwest stations of Nigeria. The results revealed the highest mean rainfall in Akure (198.9 mm) while the least rainfall in Ado-Ekiti (163.4 mm). The maximum rainfall was in Abeokuta (865.8 mm) with Iwo having the highest disparity in rainfall (SD=148.8 mm) compared with other stations. The skewness in Abeokuta (Skewness = 0.9 mm) was higher compared with Ado-Ekiti, Akure, Ibadan, Ikeja and Iwo with skewness values of 0.7 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.6 mm and 0.7 mm, respectively. The maximum air temperature was recorded in Iwo (301.7 K) and the minimum air temperature in Ado-Ekiti (293.3 K). The skewness obtained in Akure (-0.2) and Ikeja (-0.3) was less than zero indicating that air temperature decreased more than it increased in these areas while in other stations, Abeokuta (0.01), Ado-Ekiti (0.22), Ibadan (0.02) and Iwo (0.24), the skewness was greater than zero meaning that air temperature increased more than it decreased in these stations.
Natural resources
A. M. Tunde
Abstract
Climatic parameters are part of the main determinants of agricultural production in many developing countries including Nigeria. This study analyzes the vulnerability of vegetable crops to the impact of rainfall and temperature variability and the management techniques in Kwara State agro-ecological ...
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Climatic parameters are part of the main determinants of agricultural production in many developing countries including Nigeria. This study analyzes the vulnerability of vegetable crops to the impact of rainfall and temperature variability and the management techniques in Kwara State agro-ecological region of Nigeria. Data on rainfall, temperature and vegetables (tomato, pepper, okra, amaranthus and garden egg) were collected for a period of twenty-five (25) years from the four agricultural zones of Kwara State. These were subjected to descriptive, correlation and regression analyses. The result revealed that climatic variables examined fluctuate but there has been constant increase in temperature over the years and year 2001 recorded the highest (40.06oC). Vegetable crop yield also fluctuates. Correlation analysis revealed that tomato correlates positively with rainfall, maximum and minimum temperature. Okra and pepper correlate positively with rainfall and maximum temperature and inverse correlation with minimum temperature. Amaranthus has an inverse correlation with rainfall and maximum temperature but correlates positively with minimum temperature although very low. Garden egg correlates with rainfall and inversely correlates with maximum and minimum temperature. Hence, vegetable crops examined are vulnerable to the impact of climatic variables but not too strong as there are other factors such as the nature of soil, specie of seedlings, chemicals among others that contributed to vegetable crop yield. Management techniques suggested to improve the productivity of vegetable crops in Kwara State include the use of modern agricultural techniques such as development of irrigation and water harvesting technologies.