Water Resources Engineering
P. E. Omuku; C. C. Odidika; A. E. Ozukwe; K. O. Iwuozor
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate comparatively the effects of different brands of corrugated roofing sheets on rainwater utilized within Awka metropolis. Different physicochemical parameters were assessed in the rain water harvested using established standard laboratory procedures. The rain ...
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The objective of this study was to evaluate comparatively the effects of different brands of corrugated roofing sheets on rainwater utilized within Awka metropolis. Different physicochemical parameters were assessed in the rain water harvested using established standard laboratory procedures. The rain water was harvested directly (control) and also collected after passing through the different brands of corrugated roofing sheets (samples). The results showed no appreciable effects on the physical appearance, observable odour, or taste of the water samples compared to the control sample. However, at 30 °C, there were minor changes in the pH. The amount of suspended solids (SS) in mg/100ml, total solids (TS), and total dissolved solids (TDS) found in each of the samples, including the control sample, did not vary. This showed that the corrugated roofing sheet has no significant effect on the SS, TS, and TDS of the rain water harvested within the study area. Iron, zinc, and chloride ions followed a similar trend as SS, with Fe and Zn occurring at non-detectable limits of the instrumentation, while the levels of Cl- ion (3mg/100ml) did not vary in all the samples, including the control sample. The results revealed that corrugated roofing sheets affect the total alkalinity and methyl orange alkalinity of the harvested rain water in the study area greatly but had no impact on their physical appearance.
S. Prasad Lohani
Abstract
The composition of waste generated in urban areas of Nepal is primarily decomposable which provides scope to convert the waste into energy. In addition, organic fraction of municipal waste is a serious environmental and economic burden in Nepal. In this study, samples from food waste were taken ...
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The composition of waste generated in urban areas of Nepal is primarily decomposable which provides scope to convert the waste into energy. In addition, organic fraction of municipal waste is a serious environmental and economic burden in Nepal. In this study, samples from food waste were taken from household of Biratnagar Metropolitan city and Kathmandu University Canteen, Dhulikhel. The samples were analyzed for physical and chemical properties and biogas production. The feed containing 6% TS were analyzed for the potential of biogas production from the canteen food waste (CFW) of Kathmandu University (KU) and household food waste (HFW) from Biratnagar in ambient and control temperature (35 ℃) in a batch reactor. This was also conducted for food waste mixed with 30% cow manure in both the conditions. The average total solid and volatile solid for BFW were 17.7 and 93.2% of TS and CFW were 19.9 and 90.2% of TS, respectively. In every run of the experiment, the volume changes of gas were monitored. Both in the ambient and the controlled temperature, biogas production and yield were higher when 30% cow dung as inoculum was added in both samples. Moreover, the biogas production and yield of CFW was also higher than the BFW at different conditions. This shows that food wastes characteristics and biogas production potential varies depending on the source of the food waste, inoculum added and operating condition for the anaerobic digestion process.