Energy
N. Hedayati Goodarzi; M. Rahimi-Esbo
Abstract
Steam reformers are typically utilized in hydrogen production industry, demanding pressure vessels within methanol reformer systems operating at temperatures between 250-350°C to ensure cost-effectiveness. This characteristic makes them a superior choice for fuel cell systems. However, challenges ...
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Steam reformers are typically utilized in hydrogen production industry, demanding pressure vessels within methanol reformer systems operating at temperatures between 250-350°C to ensure cost-effectiveness. This characteristic makes them a superior choice for fuel cell systems. However, challenges arise in enhancing hydrogen gas production efficiency while minimizing carbon monoxide emissions. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has proven effective in addressing these challenges by simulating fluid behavior. This study delves into product production, reactant consumption using CFD, and investigates changes in physical parameters of methanol reformers to optimize their performance. The research involves 140 numerical simulations that examine the relationship between feeds (steam-to-carbon) and various temperatures, aiming to understand the concurrent effect of physical parameters. The results demonstrate that increasing temperature has a more significant impact on hydrogen production compared to increasing the feed ratio. This effect is particularly notable at lower fuel ratios. For example, at a feed ratio of 1, a temperature increase of 11.4°C leads to a substantial 5.4% rise in hydrogen production. However, at a higher feed ratio (1.98), the increase in hydrogen production is only 1.9% with the same temperature increase.
Energy
N. Deb; M. Z. Alam; T. Rahman; M. S. Jami; M. F. Bt. Mansor; H. B. A. Tajuddin
Abstract
The world's most economically developed countries are facing an energy crisis caused by geopolitical instability, rising energy costs, global stock disruptions, and a shift towards low-carbon energy sources that has yet to be fully realized. Electrification of the transportation industry offers the advantages ...
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The world's most economically developed countries are facing an energy crisis caused by geopolitical instability, rising energy costs, global stock disruptions, and a shift towards low-carbon energy sources that has yet to be fully realized. Electrification of the transportation industry offers the advantages of increased energy efficiency and reduced local pollutants. Electric Vehicles (EVs) are environmentally friendly because they reduce fossil fuels usage even zero consumption, need fewer maintenance requirements, and lower operating costs than the vehicles powered by gasoline or diesel. However, this study focuses on comparing various energy management strategies (EMS) for a backup energy supply system for EVs. The hybrid power system (HPS) considered in this study includes DC-DC and DC-AC synchronous converters, as well as supercapacitors, batteries, and fuel cells. The EMS analyzed includes state machine control, classical proportional-integral control, equivalent consumption minimization, frequency decoupling, rule-based fuzzy logic, and fuzzy logic control. The HPS's efficiency, hydrogen fuel, supercapacitor or battery state of charge levels, and overall performance are evaluated as primary efficiency criteria. Additionally, the HPS not only increases system energy but also reduces the number of pack batteries required. This study designs and constructs the combined power systems to enhance EV power schemes with rechargeable battery power supplies. The results show that a 6-kW fuel cell hybrid increases the power system capacity to 408 kWh. Moreover, a novel method based on wavelet transforms of the instantaneous power of each energy source is used to quantify the stressors on each energy source that impact its life cycle. To validate all analyses and performance, a simulation model and an experimental test bench are created. Finally, simulation results demonstrate a synchronous converter with a 6-kW output power and 96% efficiency, validating the optimization results.
A. Singh; P. Baredar
Abstract
In this paper sun situated photovoltaic (PV), fuel cell, biomass gasifier generator set, battery reinforcement and force molding unit have mimicked and advanced for an instructive establishment, Energy Center, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal in the Indian condition of Madhya Pradesh. ...
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In this paper sun situated photovoltaic (PV), fuel cell, biomass gasifier generator set, battery reinforcement and force molding unit have mimicked and advanced for an instructive establishment, Energy Center, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal in the Indian condition of Madhya Pradesh. The zone of the study range on the aide arranged of 23° 12' N scope and 77°24'E longitude. In this structure, the key wellspring of force is sun based sunlight based photovoltaic framework and biomass gasifier generator set while fuel cell and batteries were used as fortification supply. Hybrid optimization model for electric renewable test system has been used to reproduce off the framework and it checks the particular and money related criteria of this cross breed vitality framework. The execution of each section of this structure is analyzed in conclusion. The sensitivity examination was performed to upgrade the blend system at different conditions. In a perspective of the entertainment result, it is found that the expense of vitality of a biomass gasifier generator set, sunlight based on PV and power device hybrid vitality framework was observed to be 15.064 Rs/kWh.
