Natural resources
S. U. Takal; E. O. Sakyere; AW. Tahiru
Abstract
The literature on the contribution of local-level institutions to the development of collective response strategies to socio-ecological change is limited. In this article, the role of local-level institutional arrangements in developing and mobilizing stocks of adaptive capacity is examined. Using focus ...
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The literature on the contribution of local-level institutions to the development of collective response strategies to socio-ecological change is limited. In this article, the role of local-level institutional arrangements in developing and mobilizing stocks of adaptive capacity is examined. Using focus group discussions and interviews, data were collected from participants drawn from 7 communities on the local-level institutional arrangements, their impacts on climate change adaptation, and their effects on the climate change adaptation decision-making. Using the qualitative content analysis technique tool which compresses many words into themes systematically, it was evident that local-level institutional arrangements impacted the practice of adaptation strategies both negatively and positively. The positive impacts included serving as a channel for conflict resolution and mediation, source of security, and a source of unity, the negative impacts included: corrupt tendencies, loss of income, a higher cost of production, decreased output, and a high cost of Shea nuts. The impacts of these institutional arrangements influenced climate change adaptation decisions made on: acquisition of land and trees; sharing of profits; and purchasing of Shea nuts for processing. Therefore, institutional arrangements at the local level are critical for climate change adaptation, which is a key response mechanism to climate change impacts.
I. A. Kebria; W. Hogland
Abstract
Analysis of urban climate changing is the basis for the implementation of storm water management measurements. Climate tensions such as changing precipitation patterns, fluctuations in temperature, and extreme events are already affecting water resources. For instance, precipitation pattern will be changed ...
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Analysis of urban climate changing is the basis for the implementation of storm water management measurements. Climate tensions such as changing precipitation patterns, fluctuations in temperature, and extreme events are already affecting water resources. For instance, precipitation pattern will be changed due to more water vapor in the atmosphere. Hence, it will not be evenly distributed. Some places will see more rain, others will get less snow. However, climate changes, such as the amount, timing, and intensity of rain events, in combination with land development, can significantly affect the amount of storm water runoff that needs to be managed. Firstly, this essay will be discussed about the prediction of climate change using a fuzzy neural network (FNN) and it shows the accuracy of this method for anticipating storm water. Secondly, based on the results of the first phase, it determines the critical area for preparing storm water systems with the application of GIS tools and technology.
S. Shiwakoti
Abstract
This study has simulated climate change impacts on the runoff processes of the Karnali River Basin of Nepal. Estimation of the variation of snowmelt contribution to streamflow in increased temperatures has been done. The semi-distributed HBV rainfall-runoff model has been calibrated using hydro-meteorological ...
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This study has simulated climate change impacts on the runoff processes of the Karnali River Basin of Nepal. Estimation of the variation of snowmelt contribution to streamflow in increased temperatures has been done. The semi-distributed HBV rainfall-runoff model has been calibrated using hydro-meteorological data available from 1986 to 1997. The model simulates runoff based on precipitation, air temperature and potential evapotranspiration. The calibrated model is fed with the climatic projections developed using the PRECIS Regional Climate Model to estimate future (2040s) streamflow. The study indicates that the growing temperatures will generally result in wetter flow regime in the future.