M. G. Sobamowo
Abstract
The rapid increase in technological innovations and utilizations have adversely affected the environment and consequently continued to constitute a threat to the future survival of human. To counter these assaults and the threats of further degradation of the environment and human health, the basic recommended ...
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The rapid increase in technological innovations and utilizations have adversely affected the environment and consequently continued to constitute a threat to the future survival of human. To counter these assaults and the threats of further degradation of the environment and human health, the basic recommended approach for predicting the impact of the pollution and for the determination of the risk assessment strategies is through the use of mathematical models. Therefore, this work presents mathematical models for the prediction of the effects of combustion generated pollutants, such as Carbon-monoxide (CO) on human health. The developed coupled system of nonlinear partial differential equation for the ambient concentration of carbon mono-oxide in which the human subject was exposed to and the concentration of Carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) in the blood is solved numerically using Alternating-Direct Implicit (ADI) scheme. From the computations, the variables of the models show significant results in their variations and the standard error of the predicted results from the model range in between 0.5-0.85 for the different concentrations of ambient carbon monoxide. This established that the computed results show good agreement with available experimental data. Therefore, the model can be used as a means of controlling the effects of the pollutant on human health and the results will serve as a way of evaluating our technological injuries, effectively controlling our pollutants emissions and also as a tool for designing and developing better equipments and engines with lower carbon or pollutants emissions.
M. G. Sobamowo; S. J. Ojolo; C. A. Osheku; A. J. Kehinde
Abstract
Pyrolysis plays an integrated role in the biomass conversion processes. The development of good mathematical models which in consequent leads to the design of pyrolysis reactors. The biomass gasifier is paramount in the scientific studies and understanding of the very important process in the thermochemical ...
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Pyrolysis plays an integrated role in the biomass conversion processes. The development of good mathematical models which in consequent leads to the design of pyrolysis reactors. The biomass gasifier is paramount in the scientific studies and understanding of the very important process in the thermochemical conversion of the solid fuels. However, due to the complexities of the biomass reaction scheme, the pyrolysis of biomass is generally modeled on the basis of apparent kinetics. Moreover, it is generally accepted that most important parameters affecting the process are temperature, concentration, residence time and heating conditions. This work presents the simulations of the pyrolysis kinetics of shrinking biomass particle under non-isothermal and isothermal heating conditions. The developed models were used to investigate the effects of shrinkage, heating conditions and heating rates on the pyrolysis of wood. There is a good agreement when the results of the developed models were compared to the experimental results. Theresults of this work could be used in estimating the optimum parameters in the pyrolysis of biomass and in the design of some pyrolysis reactors.